بيان وزارة الخارجية البحرينية، متاح على:

https://www.mofa.gov.bh/Default.aspx?tabid=8266&language=ar-BH&ItemId=12284

[1] خطاب الرئيس الفلسطيني أمام مجلس الأمن حول خطة السلام الأمريکية، متاح على:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQh81b2Puzs

[1] bo pang and lillian lee (2008) opinion mining and sentiment analysis ,foundations and trends in information retrieval , vol2 , pp.101.

[1] Nathaniel Beck (1992) Public Opinion in America: Moods, Cycles and Swings. by James A. Stimson , The Public Opinion Quarterly, Vol. 56, No. 3, pp. 381-382

[1] Depue, R. & Fu, Y. (2012) Neurobiology and neurochemistry of temperament in adults. In: Zentner, M. & Shiner, R. (Eds.) Handbook of Temperament. NY: Guilford Publications, 368-399.

[1] الدراسات هي:

• Laceulle, O.M., Jeronimus, B.F., Van Aken, M.A.G., Ormel, J. (2015). "Why Not Everyone Gets Their Fair Share of Stress: Adolescent's Perceived Relationship Affection Mediates Associations Between Temperament and Subsequent Stressful Social Events". European Journal of Personality. 29 (2): 125–137
• Jankowski, K.S. (2014). "The role of temperament in the relationship between morningness-eveningness and mood". Chronobiology International. 31: 114–122.
• White, Bonnie A.; Horwath, Caroline C.; Conner, Tamlin S. (2013-11-01). "Many apples a day keep the blues away--daily experiences of negative and positive affect and food consumption in young adults". British Journal of Health Psychology. 18 (4): 782–798.
• Conner, Tamlin S.; Brookie, Kate L.; Richardson, Aimee C.; Polak, Maria A. (2015-05-01). "On carrots and curiosity: eating fruit and vegetables is associated with greater flourishing in daily life". British Journal of Health Psychology. 20 (2): 413–427.

[1] Mayer, j.D & Stevenes, A.A.(1994):AN Emerging Understanding of Reflective (Meta) Experience of Mood. journal of research of personality, 28, 351-373.

[1] Kagan, Jerome (1997). Galen's Prophecy: Temperament In Human Nature. New York: Westview Press.

[1] Rothbart, M.K. (2007). "Temperament, development and personality" Current Directions in Psychological Science. 16 (4): 207–212

[1] Nathan J. Kelly& Peter K. Enns (2010) Inequality and the Dynamics of Public Opinion: The Self-Reinforcing Link Between Economic Inequality and Mass Preferences, American Journal of Political Science, Vol. 54, No. 4 , pp. 855-870

[1] Bryan Calvin, Paul M. Collins, Jr., Matthew Eshbaugh-Soha (2011) On the Relationship between Public Opinion and Decision Making in the U.S. Courts of Appeals ,Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 64, No. 4 , pp. 736-748

[1] Christopher Ellis, Christopher Faricy(2011) Social Policy and Public Opinion: How the Ideological Direction of Spending Influences Public Mood , The Journal of Politics, Vol. 73, No. 4 ,pp. 1095-1110.

[1] Si Shi, Dawei Jin, Tiong-Thye Goh (2017) Real-time Public Mood Tracking of Chinese Microblog Streams with Complex Event Processing. IEEE Access , vol. 5:pp 421-431 .

[1] Linda M. Isbell and Victor C. Ottati (2002) The Emotional Voter Effects of Episodic Affective Reactions on Candidate Evaluation , The Social Psychology of Politics, edited by Ottati et al., Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers,New York, pp55-71.

[1] غوستاف لوبون (1991): سيکولوجية الجماهير، ترجمة هشام صالح، دار الساقي، بيروت، لبنان.

[1] Valentine, Elizabeth R. (2011). Spooks and Spoofs: Relations Between Psychical Research and Academic Psychology in Britain in the Inter-War Period. History of the Human Sciences 25: 67–90.

[1] Asprem, E. (2010), "A Nice Arrangement of Heterodoxies: William McDougall and the Professionalization of Psychical Research", Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 46 (2):123–143.

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

• Kelly, J. R., & Barsade, S. G. (2001). Moods and emotions in small groups and work groups. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86, 99–130
• George, J. M. (1990). Personality, affect, and behavior in groups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75, 107–116.
• George, J.M. (1996). Group affective tone. In M. A. West (Ed.), Handbook of work group psychology (pp. 77–93). Chichester, UK: Wiley

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

• Herbert Blumer, "Collective Behavior," in A. M. Lee, ed., Principles of Sociology, New York, Barnes & Noble, 1951, pp. 67–121.
• Jaap van Ginneken, Collective behavior and public opinion – Rapid shifts in opinion and communication, Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum, 2003.
• Locher, David A., Collective Behavior, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2002.     
• ooty, J., Connelly, S., Griffith, J., & Gupta, A. (2010). Leadership, affect and emotions: A state of the science review. The Leadership Quarterly, 21(6), 979-1004

[1] Bryant, J., & Zillmann, D. (1984). Using television to alleviate boredom and stress: Selective exposure as a function of induced excitational states. Journal of Broadcasting, 28, 1–20.

[1] Reinecke, L., Tamborini, R., Grizzard, M., Lewis, R., Eden, A., & Bowman, N. D. (2012). Characterizing mood management as need satisfaction: The effects of intrinsic needs on selective exposure and mood repair. Journal of Communication, 62, 437–453.

[1] Reinecke, L., Hartmann, T., & Eden, A. (2014). The guilty couch potato: The role of ego depletion in reducing recovery through media use. Journal of Communication, 64, 569–589.

[1] الفرماوي، حمدي وحسن، وليد (2009): الميتا انفعالية لدى العاديين وذوي الإعاقة الذهنية، دار صفاء للنشر والتوزيع، عمان– الأردن، ط1.

[1] Bowman, N. D., & Tamborini, R. (2013). “In the mood to game”: Selective exposure and mood management processes in computer game play. New Media & Society, 17(3), 375–393.

[1] Oliver, M. B., & Raney, A. A. (2011). Entertainment as pleasurable and meaningful: Identifying hedonic and eudaimonic motivations for entertainment consumption. Journal of Communication, 61, 984–1004.

[1] Zillmann, D. (1988). Mood management through communication choices. American Behavioral Scientist, 31 (3), 327–341.

[1] نجوى عبد السلام فهمي (2012): استخدام تويتر لرصد المزاج العام للمجتمع في فترات الاضطرابات أحداث محمد محمود 2011 في مصر نموذجًا، المؤتمر العلمي الدولي التاسع عشر، کلية الإعلام، جامعة القاهرة، 23 – 25 أبريل 2012، ص 183.

[1] Wendy M. Rahn, Brian Kroeger & Cynthia M. Kite (1996) A Framework for the Study of Public Mood

Political Psychology ,Vol. 17, No. 1 (Mar., 1996), pp. 29-58

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

·         Robert Prechter, Deepak Goel & et al. (2012) Social Mood, Stock Market Performance, and U.S. Presidential Elections A Socionomic Perspective on Voting Results , Vol: 2 issue: 4,pp1-13 . Available at : http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2158244012459194

• John R. Nofsinger (2005) , Social Mood and Financial Economics Journal of Behavioral Finance , Volume 6, - Issue 3 pp 144- 160.

·         Robert R. Prechter & Wayne D. Parker (2007) The Financial/Economic Dichotomy in Social Behavioral Dynamics: The Socionomic Perspective , Journal of Behavioral Finance, Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 84-108.

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

• León, F., Szanto, T., & Zahavi, D. (2017). Emotional Sharing and the Extended Mind. Synthese . (Available at : ) https://doi.org/10.1007/s11229-017-1351-x
• Zahavi, D., & Salice, A. (2017). Phenomenology of the we: Stein, Walther, Gurwitsch. In J. Kiverstein (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of philosophy of the social mind (pp. 515–527). New York: Routledge.
• Szanto, T. (2015). Collective emotions, normativity and empathy: A Steinian account. Human Studies, 38(4), 503–527.
• Wheeler, M. (2015). Extended consciousness: An interim report. The Southern Journal of Philosophy, 53(S1), 155–175.

[1] Smith, E., Seger, C., & Mackie, D. (2007). "Can emotions be truly group level? Evidence regarding four conceptual criteria." Journal Personality and Social Psychology, 93(3), 431-446.

[1] Sanchez-Burks, J. & Huy, Q. (2009) Emotional Aperture: The Accurate Recognition of Collective Emotions. ORGANIZATION SCIENCE Vol. 20, No. 1, January–February 2009, pp. 22-34

[1] Thompson, E.R; Phua, F.T.T. (2012). "A Brief Index of Affective Job Satisfaction". Group & Organization Management. 37 (3): 275–307.

[1] Wegge, J; van Dick, R.; Fisher, G.K.; West, M.A.; Dawson, J.F. (September (2006). "A Test of Basic Assumptions of Affective Events Theory (AET) in Call Centre Work". British Journal of Management. 17 (3): 237–254

[1] Ashkanasy, N.M.; Humphrey, R. H. (April 2011). "Current Emotion Research in Organizational Behavior". Emotion Review. 3 (2): 214–224.

[1] Alexandra Merritt ,Rachel LaQuea , Rachel Cromwell &Christopher J. Ferguson (2016) Media Managing Mood: A Look at the Possible Effects of Violent Media on Affect , Child Youth Care Forum , 45:pp.241–258.

[1] Tyler Johnson , Paul M. Kellstedt (2014) Media Consumption and the Dynamics of Policy Mood, Polit Behav , 36:pp.377–399.

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

• Bing Li a , Keith C.C. Chan a , Carol Ou b & Sun Ruifeng ( 2017) Discovering public sentiment in social media for predicting stock movement of publicly listed companies , Information Systems ,Volume 69, Pp 81-92.
• Daniel Cahill, Marvin Wee, Joey W. Yang (2017) Media sentiment and trading strategies of different types of traders ,Pacific-Basin Finance Journal 44 , pp. 160–172.

[1] Wen Yang , Dongtong Lin , Zelong Yi (2017) Impacts of the mass media effect on investor sentiment , Finance Research Letters , vol. 22 ,pp 1–4

[1] Simon Fong, Suash Deb, Io-Weng Chan, P. Vijayakumar, 2014 "An event driven neural network system for evaluating public moods from online users' comments", Applications of Digital Information and Web Technologies Fifth International Conference, pp. 239-243.

[1] Samir Tartir, Ibrahim Abdul-Nabi (2017) Semantic Sentiment Analysis in Arabic Social Media , Journal of King Saud University – Computer and Information Sciences,vol. 29 ,pp. 229–233.

[1] مجدي الداغر (2017): اتجاهات الجمهور نحو تأثيرات الإعلام الجديد على التحولات السياسية في مصر وانعکاساتها على الأزمات الاقتصادية أثناء ثورة 25 يناير وما بعدها – دراسة ميدانية، Arab Media & Society , Issue 24 ص ص 55 – 13.

[1] Long Doan (2012) A Social Model of Persistent Mood States , Social Psychology Quarterly 75(3) 198-218 .

[1] Daniel DiLeo (1997) Dynamic Representation in the United States: Effects of the Public Mood on Governors' Agendas ,State and Local Government Review Vol. 29, No. 2 :pp 98-109.

[1] Paulami Sanyal (2016) Parliamentary Elections in Egypt2015 , Contemporary Review of the Middle East, SAGE Publications India, 3(4) , pp445-454.

[1] Joseph Daniel Ura ,Christopher R. Ellis (2012) Partisan Moods: Polarization and the Dynamics of Mass Party Preferences , The Journal of Politics, Vol. 74, No. 1, Pp. 277–291.

[1] Daniel DiLeo (1997) op.cit :pp 98-109.

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

• E.K. Seltzer, E. Horst-Martz, M. Lu & R.M. Merchant (2017) Public sentiment and discourse about Zika virus on Instagram , public health, vol 150 , pp.170- 17 5.
• Krueger, J., & Szanto, T. (2016). Extended Emotions. Philosophical Compass, 11(12), pp863-878.

[1] Daniel Bar-tal , Eran Halperin , Joseph De Rivera (2007) Collective Emotions in Conflict Situations: Societal Implications, Journal of Social Issues, Vol. 63, No. 2, pp. 441—460.

[1] Christopher Ellis& Christopher Faricy (2011) Social Policy and Public Opinion: How the Ideological Direction of Spending Influences Public Mood , The Journal of Politics, Vol. 73, No. 4, Pp. 1095–1110.

[1] Vitrierat Ng and Kin-man Chan (2017) Emotion Politics: Joyous Resistance in Hong Kong , The China Review , Vol. 17, No. 1 ,pp 83-115

[1] حسن عماد مکاوي، ليلى حسين (2006): الاتصال ونظرياته المعاصرة، الدار المصرية اللبنانية، القاهرة .

[1] Silvia Knobloch (2003) Mood Adjustment via Mass Communication , Journal of Communication, June 2003 , online : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2003.tb02588.x/pdf

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

• Zillman, D., (2000). Mood management in the context of selective exposure theory. In M. E. Roloff (Ed.), Communication Yearbook 23 (pp. 103–123). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
• Zillmann, D.; Cantor (1972). "Directionality of transitory dominance as a communication variable affecting humor appreciation". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 24: 191–198

[1] Zillmann, D. (1996). The psychology of suspense in dramatic exposition. In P. Vorderer, W. J. Wulff, & M. Friedrichsen (Eds.), Suspense: conceptualizations, theoretical analyses, and empirical explorations (pp 199–231). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

[1] . Hatfield, E.; Cacioppo, J.T.; Rapson, R.L. (1993). "Emotional contagion". Current Directions in Psychological Sciences. 2: 96–99.

[1] Neumann, R., & Strack, F. (2000). "Mood contagion": The automatic transfer of mood between persons. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79, 211–223

[1] Schoenewolf, G., (1990). Emotional contagion: Behavioral induction in individuals and groups.' Modern Psychoanalysis; 15, 49-61

[1] E Ferrara & Z Yang (2015). "Measuring Emotional Contagion in Social Media". PLoS ONE. 10 (11)

Online: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4636231/

[1] تم الرجوع إلى:

• Kelly, J.R. and Barsade, S.G. (2001). "Mood and Emotions in Small Groups and Work Teams". Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 86 (1): 99–130.
• Ahmetoglu, G., Leutner, F., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2011). EQ-nomics: Understanding the relationship between individual differences in trait emotional intelligence and entrepreneurship. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(8), 1028-1033.

[1] Barsade, S. G. 2002. The ripple effect: Emotional contagion and its influence on group behavior.Administrative Science Quarterly. 47 (4) 644–675

[1] الدراسات هي:

• Sy T., Cote S., Saavedra R. (2005). "The Contagious Leader: Impact of the Leader's Mood on the Mood of Group Members, Group Affective Tone, and Group Processes". Journal of Applied Psychology. 90 (2): 295–305
• Antonakis, J., Ashkanasy, N. M., & Dasborough, M. T. (2009). Does leadership need emotional intelligence? The Leadership Quarterly, 20(2), 247-261
• Barbuto, J. E., Jr., Gottfredson, R. K., & Searle, T. P. (2014). An examination of emotional intelligence as an antecedent of servant leadership. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 21(3), 315-323
• Vidyarthi, P. R., Anand, S., & Liden, R. C. (2014). Do emotionally perceptive leaders motivate higher employee performance? The moderating role of task interdependence and power distance. The Leadership Quarterly, 25(2), 232-244.
• Chan, K.-Y., Uy, M. A., Chernyshenko, O. S., Ho, M.-H. R., & Sam, Y.-L. (2015). Personality and entrepreneurial, professional and leadership motivations. Personality and Individual Differences, 77, 161-166.

[1] الدراسات هي:

• Mitchell Dean (2017) Political acclamation, social media and the public mood , European Journal of Social Theory, Vol. 20(3) 417-434.
• Ahmetoglu, G., Leutner, F., & Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2011). Ecnomics: Understanding the relationship between individual differences in trait emotional intelligence and entrepreneurship. Personality and Individual Differences, 51(8), 1028-1033.
• Bratton, V. K., Dodd, N. G., & Brown, F. (2011). The impact of emotional intelligence on accuracy of self-awareness and leadership performance. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 32(2), 127-149.
• Pugh, D. (2001). Service With a Smile: Emotional Contagion in the Service Encounter. Academy of Management Journal, 44(5), 1018-1027..

[1] Rimé, Bernard (2007). "The Social Sharing of Emotion as an Interface Between Individual and Collective Processes in the Construction of Emotional Climates". Journal of Social Issues. 63 (2): 307–322

[1] Kramer, A. D., Guillory, J. E., & Hancock, J. T. (2014). Experimental evidence of massive-scale emotional contagion through social networks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(24), 8788-8790.

[1] E Ferrara & Z Yang (2015). "Measuring Emotional Contagion in Social Media". PLoS ONE. 10 (11):online: http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0142390

[1] harber, k.d. & cohen, d.j. (2005) the emotional broadcaster theory of social sharing ,journal of language and social psychology, vol24,p

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[1] سعود صالح کاتب (13- 15 ديسمبر 2011): الإعلام الجديد وقضايا المجتمع التحديات والفرص، المؤتمر العالمي الثاني للإعلام الإسلامي، جامعة الملک عبد العزيز، جدة، ص22.