الأدوار التمثيلية لذوي الإعاقة في الدراما العربية والأجنبية وعلاقتها بالتمکين الاجتماعي لهم - دراسة نــوعيــة

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلف

مدرس الإذاعة والتليفزيون بکلية الدراسات الإسلامية والعربية

المستخلص

وسائل الإعلام بشکل عام، والمضامين الدرامية بشکل خاص، لديها قدرة کبيرة على تغيير تصورات الناس تجاه الموضوعات غير المألوفة، وفي حالة ذوي الإعاقة، أوضحت نتائج الدراسات السابقة أن التمثيلات لهم في تلک المضامين کانت في غالبيتها سلبية، وقد هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى تحليل أنواع الإعاقات التي ظهرت، وما يدور حولها من قضايا وصور نمطية، مع نقد مدى توافق هذه المضامين مع أهداف التنمية المستدامة 2030، وتنتمي الدراسة إلى الدراسات النوعية، واعتمدت في تفسير النتائج على نظرية Stuart Hall (encoding/decoding)، ونظرية Richard Dyer عن الصور النمطية، وتحددت عينة الدراسة في الفيلم الأجنبي The Peanut butter Falcone2019، والأفلام المصرية: (شجن شادي 2010)، و(الرجل الأبيض المتوسط 2010)، و(يوم وليلة 2021)، والمسلسل اللبناني (شتي يا بيروت 2021)، ومن أهم النتائج التي توصلت إليها الدراسة: أن متلازمة داون کانت الغالبة على عينة الدراسة، وأوضحت النتائج أن المضامين الدرامية عرضت عددًا من الصور النمطية عن ذوي الإعاقة، ولم يظهر اختلاف کبير بين العينة العربية والأجنبية في عرض الصور، ومن أهم هذه الصور (موضع للشفقة وعبء على المجتمع- موضع للسخرية والاستهزاء- صورة ذي الإعاقة الذي يتعرض للعنف)، ولامس التناول الدرامي لذوي الإعاقة أهداف التنمية المستدامة فيما يخص عرض بعض قضايا ذوي الإعاقة، کما أسهمت هذه المضامين إلى حد کبير في زيادة تمکين ذوي الإعاقة وشعورهم بالاستقلالية واحترام الذات، ومن ثمَّ شعورهم بالکفاءة الذاتية؛ لذا من المهم لزيادة تمکينهم وإعطاء فرصة أکبر لهم للقيام بأدوار متنوعة تعبر عن مواهبهم، وفي الوقت نفسه تتيح لهم وضع قضاياهم أمام المجتمع دون زيف أو تجميل لتشجيع الدعم والقبول المجتمعي لوجودهم، وتدعيم ثقافة التنوع وقبول الآخر.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية


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