مفاهيم المشاركة وتطورها من المجال العام التقليدي حتى المجال العام الافتراضي- دراسة في تطور نظرية المجال العام عند هابرماس

نوع المستند : المقالة الأصلية

المؤلف

قسم الاتصال والإعلام - كلية الآداب - جامعة الملك فيصل- المملكة العربية السعودية

المستخلص

هدفت الدراسة إلى تتبع ورصد دلالات مفهوم المشاركة في إطار نظرية المجال العام، وتطورها من المفهوم التقليدي عند هابرماس وصولًا للمجال العام الافتراضي الذي تشهده المجتمعات المعاصرة وتتشكل في إطاره. اعتمدت الدراسة على فرضية أساسية هي أن علاقة المشاركة بتعزيز المجال العام علاقة ارتباطية، وللإعلام بوسائله المختلفة دور مهم فيها.
    أشارت نتائج الدراسة من تحليل كتابات هابرماس حول المجال العام؛ أن المشاركة وتبادل الآراء ركيزة أساسية في بناء وتأسيس المجال العام سواء التقليدي أو المجال العام الافتراضي.
     وتعد المشاركة المقياس الرئيس لاندماج المواطن وإسهامه في المجال العام، وهي الممارسة الفعلية لتطوير قدرة المواطن المستخدم لوسائل التواصل الاجتماعي في مشاركة المعرفة والأفكار مع الآخرين دون إقصاء أو تهميش لأي فئة، كما تبين أن وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي أوجدت فضاءً عامًّا مغايرًا يستند على ممارسة آليات (مفهوم) المشاركة الرقمية؛ الذي أحدث تغيرات نوعية شهدتها معظم المجتمعات المعاصرة، ومنها المجتمعات العربية التي شهدت حراكًا اجتماعيًّا وسياسيًّا تشكَّل بفضل إمكانات التفاعل والمشاركة المتاحة بهذه الوسائل؛ مما يتطلب تطوير نظرية المجال العام لتتلائم مع الاحتياجات البحثية المُلحّة لدراسة وتفسير التطورات المتسارعة للمجال العام الافتراضي.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية


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