-Bukhari, Muhammad. (2019). "al'iielam altaqlidiu wal'iielam aljadid min khilal nazariat alaistikhdamat walashubaeati". majalat Rawafid lilbuhuth waldirasati, 7(2).
27- Renita Coleman, Paul Lieber, Andrew L.Mendelson &David D. Kurpius : "Public life and the internet: if you build a better website, will citizens become engaged?" , in : New Media & Society, SAGE Publications, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapore Vol10(2), 2008, pp 179–201. Available at: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1461444807086474(date de la visite Janvier 2018)
- Saad, Hamza. (2018). alaitijahat alhadithat fi dirasat wade al'ajandati: dirasatan tahliliatan wakamiyatan min almustawaa althaani. majalat albuhuth waldirasat al'iielamiati, 6(1).
-Radwan, Ahmed. (2017). "dawr wasayil altawasul alaijtimaeii fi tartib 'awlawiaat almujtamae wawasayil al'iielam altaqlidiat dirasatan fi mafhum al'ajandat al'ufuqiat almutadakhilati". dirasat muqadimat 'iilaa almutamar aleilmii alduwalii althaani almujtamae alearabiu washabakat altawasul alaijtimaeii fi ealam mutaghayiri, jamieat Alsultan Qabws.
30- Hopkins, E. Aleaxandre . (2015)." Effects of the spiral of silence in digital media": kindle edition, vol 7, (No 9), p.p 01-02.
31- Ting Chen Hsuan. (2018). Spiral of silence on social media and the moderating role of disagreement and publicness in the network: Analyzing expressive and withdrawal behaviors. new media & society, Vol20, (No10), p 06.
-Al-Dulaimi, Abdul-Razzaq. (2016). nazariaat al'iielam fi alqarn alhadi waleishrina, dar alyazuri, Amman, al'urdunu, altabeat al'uwlaa.
33- Liu, X. and Fahmy, S. (2011) ‘Exploring the spiral of silence in the virtual world: lndividuals' willingness to express personal opinions in online versus offline settings’ in Journal of Media and Communication Studies 3(2): 45-57. Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/jmcs
34- Neill, Shelly A. (2009). The Alternate Channel: How Social Media Is Challenging The Spiral Of Silence Theory In GLBT Communities Of Color. (Thesis Of Master). The Faculty Of The Public Communication Graduate Program School Of Communication. American University Washington, D.C
35- Chaoran Jia.(2020). "Analysis of the Applicability of the Spiral of Silence in Weibo". World Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 7, No. 1, p.p161-162.
-Kadwani, Sherine. (2017). misdaqiat al'iintirnit aleawamil almuathirat wamaeayir altaqyimi, dar alearabii lilnashr waltawzie, Alqahira.
-Abdel Hamid, Amr. (2016). "misdaqiat mawaqie altawasul alaijtimaeii kamasadir hawl al'ahdath alsiyasiat almisriat waealaqatiha bizahirat aleada' liwasayil al'iielam ladaa aljumhur almisrii, dirasatan tatbiqiatan ealaa alaintikhabat albarlamaniati, almajalat aleilmiat libuhuth Alezaa waltilfizyuni, 8(1). 475-545.
38- Jahng, Mi Rosie, and Jeremy Littau. (2015). "Interacting Is Believing Interactivity, Social Cue, and Perceptions of Journalistic Credibility on Twitter."Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly p p 1-21.37-
39- Stephen W. Littlejohn &Karen A. (2009). "Encyclopedia of communication theory", University of New Mexico Editors, A Sage Reference Publication, p 978
40- Renita Coleman, Paul Lieber, Andrew L.Mendelson &David D. Kurpius .(2008). "Public life and the internet: if you build a better website, will citizens become engaged? .New Media & Society, SAGE Publications, Los Angeles, London, New Delhi and Singapore Vol10(2), pp 179–201. Available at :
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1461444807086474
-Hijab, Muhammad. (2010). nazariaat aliatisali, dar Alfajr liltawzie, Alqahira.
- Kanean, A. (2019). nazariaat al'iielami, dar Alyazurii aleilmiat lilnashr waltawziei.
- Al-Zayla’i, Muhammad. (2023). "albued althaqafii liminasaat al'aflami: nitfiliks anmwdhjan: muqarabat naqdiat fi 'iitar nazariat alghars althaqafii". majalat almaehad aleali lildirasat alnaweiati, 8(2). 1277 – 1336
- Hussein, Tahani. (2023). "alealaqat bayn al'aleab al'iilikturuniat walghars althaqafii ladaa alshabab almisrii: dirasat halat ealaa laeba "Call of Duty Black Ops .3 . almajalat almisriat libuhuth al'iielami, 82(3). 1333- 1375
-Shaalan, Rehan. (2023). "tathir al'aleab al'iiliktruniat ealaa altafkir al'iibdaeii ladaa al'atfal walmurahiqina", almajalat Almisriat libuhuth Al'iielami, 82(1). 1377-1430.
-Hamlil, Amin. (2022). "nzariat marshal makluhan lilaitisal "nzariat alhatmiat altiknulujiati", majalat dirasat aijtimaeiatin, markaz Albasirat lilbuhuth walaistisharat walkhadamat altaealumiati, 12(3).
47- Baran, Stanley J. &,K.Davis, Dennis.(2011) .Mass Communication Theory.(USA:McGraw)p.324.
-Mansour, Hassan. (2017)."shabakat altawasul alaijtimaeiu kamasdar taelimiin wa'iikhbariin ladaa talbat aljamieati: dirasat muqaranat fi 'iitar namudhaj alaistikhdam walaietimadiati". almajalat alearabiat lileulum al'iinsaniati, jamieat Alkuayti.
-Hamisi, Nour El-Din.. (2014). "al'utur alnazariat walmanhajiat lidirasat almidya aljadidat qira'at naqdiatun". majalat eulum al'iinsan walmujtamae 12(2).
-Al-Zalab, Abdullah. (2023). madkhal 'iilaa al'iielam aljadidi.
-Deffler, Melvin. (1993). nazariaat wasayil al'iielami, tarjamatu: kamal eabdalrawwfa, aldaar alduwliat lilnashr waltawzie, Alqahira..
53- Daft, R.L. & Lengel, R.H. (1986). "Organizational information requirements, media richness and structural design". Management Science 32(5), 554-571.
54- Fidler Roger. (1997). “Mediamorphosis: Understanding the New Media”, Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Pine Forge Press, , p29
55- Mir, I. A. (2017). Users on Social Network Sites—Flight from Reality and Its Effects on Acceptance of Social Network Advertising: A Gratification Perspective. Journal of Creative Communications, 12(2), 98–121.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0973258617708367
56- Luo, Y., Burley, H., Moe, A., & Sui, M. (2019). A Meta-Analysis of News Media’s Public Agenda-Setting Effects, 1972-2015. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 96(1), 150–172.
https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699018804500