Users Comments in The Egyptian news pages on Facebook during the Corona pandemic: an analytical study from an ethical and linguistic perspective

Document Type : Original Article

Author

mass media department, Faculty of Arts, Assuit University

Abstract

This study aimed to monitor and analyze the behavior of commenting on news pages in the social network during the Corona pandemic “Covid-19” from an ethical and linguistic perspective, through the application on Elyom elsaba and Masrawy pages on Facebook, using qualitative content analysis to study the comments of followers on the contents published during The first wave of the Corona Covid-19 pandemic, and to identify the mechanisms of control and regulation used to review and filter these comments - if any - within the framework of the discussion ethics entry for Habermas.
The study concluded that the comment areas on the two pages under study represented an outlet and a place for spreading anxiety, fear and tension that dominated the society during those periods, and through those arenas different types of feelings that differed in different periods of analysis. It was clear throughout the study that the pressures caused by the Corona pandemic were a reason behind the emergence of immoral linguistic and behavioral models on the commentary arenas, and the results also confirmed that the language used in the comment was weak, and the most prominent forms of moral deviations were "verbal abuse, abuse and defamation, ridicule, sarcasm, accusations and spreading rumors." The results of the study also confirmed that these pages may try to have a role in controlling and regulating the dialogue taking place through them, but with the large amount of these comments, they sometimes lose control.

Keywords

Main Subjects


https://www.internetworldstats.com/facebook.htm
https://www.internetworldstats.com/africa.htm#eg
-Mustafa, H. (2021). simat khitaab taeliqat mustakhdimi safahat wizarat altarbiat waltaelim almisriat eabr mawaqie altawasul alaijtimaeii 'iiza' nizam altaelim ean bued, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (Al'azhar: kuliyat Al'iielam) 56(3)., 1319: 1360.
 - Hanjia Lyn, & Others (2020), sense and sensibility: characterizing social media us oers regarding the use of controversial terms of Covid – 19, IEEE Transactions Journal, Apr. 2020, Available at: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.06307.pdf 
- Chance York, & Others, (2019), Emotional Contagion on Facebook: An Experiment Examining Facebook News Comments, Affective Response, and Posting Behavior, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the AEJMC, Sheraton Centre Toronto, Toronto, Canada, Aug 07, 2019, Available at: http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p1554534_index.html
- Muhammad A. Badarneh & Fathi Migdadi, (2018), Acts of positioning in online reader comments on Jourdanian news websites, Language & Communication Journal, Elsevier, Vol. 58, January 2018, pp. 93 – 106, Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0271530917300253
- Ursula Lutzky, & Matt Gee, (2018), “I just found your blog.” The pragmatic of initiating comments on blog posts, Journal of Pragmatics, vol 129, 2018, pp. 173-184, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2018.03.016
- Ji Won Kim, (2018), On line incivility in comment Boards: Partisanship Matters- But what I think matters more, Computers in Human Behavior, Vol. 85, August 2018, Pages 405-412, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.015
- Tayyiba Bruce,   (2018), New technologies, continuing ideologies: Online reader comments as a support for media perspectives of minority religions, Discourse, Context & Media Journal, Volume 24, August 2018, Pages 53-7, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2017.10.001
- Elda Weizman, & Gonen Dori-Hocohen, (2017), Online Commenting on opinion editorials: A cross-cultural examination of face work in the Washington post (USA) and NRG (Israel), Discourse, Context & Media Journal, Volume 19, October 2017, Pages 39-48, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcm.2017.02.001
- Taha, A. (2017), simat khitab taeliqat qiraa' alsuhuf al'iiliktruniat ealaa qanun alkhidmat almadaniat bialtatbiq ealaa mawqie alyawm alsaabiei, almajalat almisriat libuhuth al'iielam (jamieat Alqahira: kuliyat al'iielami), 59, 55 - 93.
-Husni, E. (2017), astiratijiaat alkhitab alhujajii litaeliqat alquraa' fi safahat mawaqie alsuhuf al'iiliktruniat almisriat ealaa shabakat alfis buk: hadith tafjir alkanisat albutrusiat anmwdhjan, almajalat almisriat libuhuth alraay aleami (jamieat Alqahira: kuliyat al'iielami) 16, 389 - 454.
- Leonie Rosner, & Stephan Winter, (2016), Dangerous minds? Effects of uncivil online comments on aggressive cognitions, emotions, and behavior, Computers in Human Behavior Journal, Volume 58, May 2016, Pages 461-470, Available at:   https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.01.022
-Abd Almajid, s. (2016), surat alealam alearabii 'athna' althawrat fi almawaqie al'iiliktruniat lisuhuf niuyuk taymiz, aljardian wahartis: dirasat muqaranat la "alkhitab alsuhufii wataeliqat alqira'a", risalat majistir ghayr manshuratin, jamieat Alqahira: kuliyat al'iielami, qism alsahafati.
 - David Wolfgang, I. Coman, New Media, New Phenomena: An Analysis of Online Commenters’ Perceptions of Media and Commenter Performance, Computer Science Journal, Available at: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/New-Media%2C-New-Phenomena%3A-An-Analysis-of-Online-of-Wolfgang-Coman/ab49ae570594de1acb660958e7785edbc14b8b06#paper-header
- Christian Nuernbergk & Nina Springer (2015), Commenting user networks: Two case studies on interactions and behavioral regulation in comments sections, Communication studies and media research, 2015. 
-Abd Alhafiz, A. (2015), 'akhlaqiaat nashr taeliqat alquraa' fi almawaqie al'iikhbariat wafi safahatiha ealaa alfis buk: dirasat lilmadmun wamaeayir alqayim bialaitisal fi alnashri, almajalat almisriat libuhuth alraay aleami (jamieat Alqahira: kuliyat al'iielami), 14(2), 259 - 303.
 - Kyung Han. You & Others (2011), Why Use Online Comments? Examining the Relationship Among Online Comments, Civic Attitudes, and Participation Intention, Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, TBA, Boston, MA, May 25, 2011, Available at:  http://citation.allacademic.com/meta/p489682_index.html
-Aldanani, A., Almashayikh, M. (2020), allughat alearabiat fi mawaqie altawasul alaijtimaeii "alfisbuk anmwdhjan", almajalat alearabiat lieulum al'iielam walaitisali, (jamieat Almalik Saeud: aljameiat Alsaeudia lil'iielam walaitisali), 23, 103- 130.
-Jasim, S., Zaghir, M. (2020), eunf allughat bialkhitab al'iielamii, majalat buhuth alealaqat aleama "alsharq al'awsta", (Alqahira: aljameiat Almisriat lilealaqat aleamati), 27, 63- 74.
-Zaghawi, M. (2019), madaa tathir wasayil altawasul alaijtimaeii ealaa altalawuth allughawii ladaa tulaab eimadat albaramij altahdiriat bijamieat al'iimam muhamad bin sueud al'iislamiat min wijhat nazarihim, almajalat alduwaliat lildirasat altarbawiat walnafsiati, (Berlin: almarkaz alearabia aldiymuqratia lildirasat alastiratijiat walsiyasiat walaiqtisadiati), 2, 161- 177.
-Farhan, E., Alhulubsi, S. (2019), tathir mawaqie altawasul aliajtimaeii ealaa salamat allughat alearabiati: dirasat tatbiqiat ealaa eayinat min mustakhdimi mawqie (fisbuk) lilfatrat min 25/12/2018 walighayat 15/1/2019, majalat madad aladab (aljamieat Aleiraqia: kuliyat aladab- qism allughat alearabiati), eadad khasun bialmutamarat 2018- 2019, 480 - 506.
-Al-Senussi, S. (2019), mawaqie altawasul alaijtimaeii wawaqie albina' aldhaatii lilhuiati, majalat eulum al'iielam walaitisali, 3.
-Eman, M. (2018), alearbizi fi mawaqie altawasul alaijtimaeii bayn aleudul ean al'aeraf allughawiat wamusayarat altahawulat allughawiat alraahinati, majalat aldirasat al'iielamia (Berlin: Almarkaz Alearabi aldiymuqratia lildirasat alastiratijiat walsiyasiat walaiqtisadiati), 2, , 283- 302.
-Alsharif, M. (2017), aitijahat alnukhbat al'iielamiat al'akadimiat nahw tathir mawaqie altawasul alaijtimaeii fi aistikhdamat allughat alearabiati, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) e 48(2), 394- 434.
 
-Aisha, L. (2015), aleunf alramzii eabr alshabakat alaijtimaeiat alaiftiradiat qira'atan fi baed suar aleunf eabr alfisbuk, majalat almieyar (jamieat Al'amir Abd Alqadir lileulum al'iislamiat Qasnutina: kuliyat 'usul Aldiyn), 20, 517- 542.
-Outhman, N., Salih, M. (2013), 'iishkaliaat allughat alearabiat fi mawaqie altawasul aliaijtimaeii: dirasat tatbiqiat ealaa eayinat min mustakhdimi alfis buk fi alfatrat min fibrayir 2012- fibrayir 2013, bahath muqadim lilmutamar alduwalii lilughat Alearabia "allughat alearabiat fi khatar aljamie shuraka' fi himaytiha", Dubai min 7- 10 mayu.
-Eisani, R. (2013), allughat alearbianjliziat fi wasayit al'iielam aljadidat 'aw tahjin allughat alearabiat fi wasayit al'iielam aljadid; al'iintirnit watatbiqatuha anmwdhjan, bahath muqadim lilmutamar alduwalii lilughat alearabia "allughat alearabiat fi khatar aljamie shuraka' fi himaytiha", Dubai min 7- 10 mayu 2013.
-Al'ashmuri, A. (2020), dawr shabakat altawasul alaijtimaeii fi 'iimdad aljumhur bialmaelumat 'awqat al'azmati, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) 55(5), 3173- 3204.
-Zanati, R. (2020), tawzif al'iinfujrafik fi muealajat alqadaya alsihiyat fi alduwal alearabiat eabr mawaqie altawasul alaijtimaeii (tuytir)- dirasatan halatan ealaa mawdue fayrus kuruna (COVID -19) almustajda, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) e 55(4), 2307- 2378.
-Mahmud, S. (2020), tawzif sahafat albayanat fi tanawul fayrus kuruna almustajidi bialmawaqie al'iiliktruniat alearabiat walealamiati- dirasat tahliliatun, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) 54(2), 2755- 2834.
-Aql, N. (2020), ailtimasu almaelumat alsihiyat hawl fayrus kuruna almustajidi waealaqatih bimustawaa 'iidrak almakhatir ladaa almar'at almisriati, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) e 54(7), 2037- 2092.
-Husayn, E. (2020), altimasu aljumhur almisrii lilmaelumat almutaealiqat bikufid 19 eabr almawaqie alaijtimaeiat waealaqatih bialmanaeat alnafsiat ladayhim, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat Al'iielam) 54(5), 2537 - 2604.
-Muhamad, R. (2020), aietimad aljumhur almisrii ealaa wasayil al'iielam aljadid kamasdar lilmaelumat wal'akhbar hawl jayihat fayrus kuruna (kufid-19) wadawrih fi taeziz alwaey alsihiyi ladayhi, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) 55(5), 3089 - 3172.
-Abd Alhayi, H. (2020), aietimad talabat aljamieat ealaa wasayil al'iielam aljadid fi aistiqa' almaelumat wal'akhbar ean jayihat kuruna kufid 19 waealaqatih bialaindimaj al'akadimii ladayhim, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) 54, 2605 - 2656.
- Karishma Sharma & Others (2020), Covid- 19 on social media: analyzing misinformation in twitter conversations, Social and Information Networks, October 2020, Available at: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/COVID-19-on-Social-Media%3A-Analyzing-Misinformation-Sharma-Seo/7834079f41354857484cd73e6f6dd9cb178fe9c4
-Aabd Alhafiz, N. (2020), aitijahat aljumhur almisrii nahw muealajat wasayil al'iielam aljadid lijayihat fayrus kuruna almustajda, majalat albuhuth al'iielamiati, (jamieat Al'azhar: kuliyat al'iielami) 54(3), 2093 - 2168.
- Muhammad Kashif & Others (2020), social media addiction due to corona virus, International Journal of Medical Science in Clinical Research and Review, Volume 03|Issue 04 (July – August) |2020, pp 331 - 336 Available at: http://www.ijmscrr
- Jamal, K. (2015), alkhitab walhujaaj fi 'akhlaqiaat almunaqashat eind Yurghin Habirmas, Aljazayar: almarkaz aljamieia ghilizan, 48
- Salim, O. (2009), falsafat altadawuliaat alsuwriat wa'akhlaqiaat alniqash eind yurghin habirmas, risalat majistir ghayr manshuratin, (Aljazayar, jamieat Mentouri, kuliyat aleulum al'iinsaniat waleulum aliajtimaeiati, qism alfalsafati), 36.
-Hasan, A. (2012), yurjin habirmas al'akhlaq waltawasuli, (Beirut: Altanwir liltibaeat walnashr waltawzie), 149.
-Fayrus kuruna fi Masr (2020).: dirasat astikshafiati, aljihaz almarkazii liltaebiat aleamat wal'iihsa', sibtambar2020.