The Public Sphere and the Communicative Action of Habermas as guiding frameworks for media research - a critical analytical view

Document Type : Original Article

Author

faculty of Women,Ain Shams university,Cairo,Egypt

Abstract

This research paper aims to provide an analytical critical insight of some previous Arabic and Foreign studies, that proceeded from Habermas’s theoretical issues of “Public Sphere, and Communicative Action”, to analyze the actual role of the traditional and digital media in circulating and securing the intellectual dominance of the hegemonic forces in society or enable the free discussion.
The study based on the qualitative analysis of 25 Arabic studies and 23 English studies using the secondary analysis from 2011-2021.
The results revealed a continuing controversy among the Arab and Foreign researchers about the role of social networks and digital media in creating a free public sphere, based on rational debate and rational communicative dialogue compared to traditional media, especially after the political transformations that many Arab countries have witnessed in the past decade. Except, the findings warned from absolute assurance for the role of these networks in creating the public sphere, with the necessity of considering the ethics of the discourse presented through the virtual public sphere which may go beyond moderate opinions and threaten the desired democracy. As well as the need to study this area within the framework of its relationship with the historical, political and social context of society, while emphasizing the difficulty of applying the public sphere in the Habermasian sense to Arab societies.
This research paper also called for more attention, especially at the Arab level, to examine the role of the media, especially the digital media, in achieving this rational communicative activity on the one hand, and the other hand, delving into the Marxist cultural heritage and reviewing the writings of some Frankfurt School scholars in an attempt to test the possibility of developing a new theory about communication. Deals with the idealism of the public sphere's concepts and communication that is revealed by the qualitative analysis of previous studies.

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References

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