Effectiveness of a Proposed Program Based on James Potter's Model to Enhance the Level of News Media Literacy and Its Relationship to Combating Fake News Among Media Students: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Document Type : Original Article

Abstract

The current study aimed to measure the effectiveness of a program based on James Potter's model in developing the level of news media literacy among students of the Faculty of Mass Communication at Menoufia University. It also examined the role of this program in enhancing the ability to confront fake news among the study sample by equipping them with news media literacy skills, enabling them to address fake news. The study adopted a quasi-experimental approach due to its suitability for the nature of this research and its ability to test the study's hypotheses. The researcher designed a news media literacy scale based on James Potter's model, consisting of four dimensions: (1) the need for knowledge, (2) the ability to select media outlets, (3) critical analysis of news, and (4) confronting fake news. Additionally, a cognitive test was developed to measure specific news media literacy skills. The study was applied to an experimental group comprising 35 third-year students from the Radio and Television Department.
The study yielded several significant findings, including:

The value of the t-test for the achievement test on media literacy concepts was (17.89) at a degree of freedom (34) and a significance level (0.000), which is less than 0.01. This indicates statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test mean scores of the experimental group students in favor of the post-test. This difference is attributed to the impact of the experimental treatment, represented by the proposed program based on James Potter's model, in enhancing students' acquisition of news media literacy skills.
There is a statistically significant positive correlation between the mean scores of the experimental group students in both the news media literacy skills scale and the achievement test for these skills at the 0.01 level, with a correlation coefficient value of (0.812), indicating a strong relationship.
The t-test values for the overall scale and its dimensions were as follows: (46.57, 25.11, 18.14, 44.23, 26.23) respectively, at a degree of freedom (34) and a significance level (0.000), which is less than 0.01. This indicates statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test mean scores for the experimental group students in the overall news media literacy scale and each of its dimensions in favor of the post-test. These differences are attributed to the experimental treatment's effect, represented by the proposed program based on James Potter's model, in fostering students' attitudes toward confronting fake news as an independent variable influencing the dependent variable.

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Main Subjects

References

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